The reproductive behavior of Neotropical dung beetles

Dung beetles display complex reproductive behaviors involving sexual findings, recognition, fighting for mates and food used nesting, sperm competition, parental care. Over the past 40 years, significant advances have been made regarding knowledge of various aspects nesting behavior Neotropical dung beetles. However, human activities modify natural habitats at an alarming rate, affecting availability altering ecological functions performed by species in their different habitats. A deeper understanding may contribute significantly evolutionary diversification these insects response to environmental changes. The present study reviews analyzes studies beetle under field laboratory conditions. We gathered 132 146 species; 42% available data were based on observations, 23% 30% both conditions, 5% unspecified. Our review detected knowledge, geographic, habitat gaps Based our we propose future research goals alternative methods measure behavioral responses impacts activities.